Thats a cool story. I love chess. Except I haven't done any kind of competitive leagues or anything. Just play within a small group of friends and done some online playing. Not much though. I didnt do as good online but not bad. Seemed like I would win one lose one. Highest guy I beat had a score of 2040. Im not even sure how those scores or ranks are tallied tbh. I hovered around 1450. But I thought online wasnt all that fun. I like the 3d view a whole lot better and playing a live person. I seemed to make more mistakes online that normally wouldn't make.
It'd be interesting to pick your brain. Have you read any books on chess? Recommend any?
Ratings generally are calculated using the results of tournament or match play in sanctioned events. Although some clubs have their own club ratings. Basically it is a way of showing how strong the competition is you are playing and where you fall against that competition. There are lots of sources for calculating scores, and of course wikipedia. Masters generally are rated in the 2200 range and up, grandmasters over 2400. Highly competitive tournament players will fall in the 1900-2100 range, and so on. This also fits within a letter classification system, class A being the highest just below expert/master level, and then class B on down to H or I or something. We generally use classes to set up local tournaments to make them more competitive, as that way you can play people at your own level. But in club play I have seen class C players beat our resident experts in individual matches.
Online ratings use some formula or another to approximate the regular ratings. In my experience, they are not very reliable other than in that exact forum, and online poses other problems, like people using a chess program to "cheat" and come up with their moves for them.
As far as books go I think I have about 20. If you are a moderate player, there used to be a series called the Fireside Chess Library, with lots of books about the individual parts of the game, openings, tactics/mid-game, end-game, etc. I enjoyed Logical Chess by Chernev. How to Reassess Your Chess is a great book that can help you to get deeper into your own style and how to analyze your own game. My System, as pointed out by OB, is pretty good too.
I learned the most about chess in my early teens by re-creating games by grandmasters and then working through the situations myself. I used magazines and watched what games I could, and traveled even to watch tournaments. There are several books out with games played by Bobby Fischer, of which I had one as a kid that I read and re-read. It had his analysis and thoughts about the positions and how he thought through a move, and it offered the entire game in algebraic notation with pictures, then left it at a critical decision point and asked you to make the next move, then turn the page and see what he did. In studying the game I have found that this is one of the best learning methods for chess. There are now a lot of books out there with "chess problems" that present a situation and ask you to solve it with the best move possible. If you go for one of those books try to find one that offers more than just one solution (as most of the time, there are multiple choices in a real game) and then provides some analysis for the moves possible and the logic behind their choice of the "best" move. There are also online options and a few apps but the apps are generally too easy or way too hard, but still might be worth a try. I still like to take the problem out of the book and build it on my board and the play through it. Like you I prefer real chess, and 2D chess gets old fast.
But in the end there is no substitute for playing. If you start playing tournaments don't get caught up in ratings. A lot of players approach it that way and will ask you first your rating, then your name. They can tend to be far too careful to either have fun at the game or really learn to win. They push for and accept draws far too often for my taste. I have won otherwise lost positions, where my opponent offered a draw and I refused even with him up a full pawn or even bishop or knight, just because he didn't want to get drawn into a complicated mid-game or drawn-out end-game. I play with reckless abandon for the most part, preferring an open middle game with lots of quick tactical moves and strikes and fluid motion across the board. I tend to think through those positions better than my opponents and make fewer mistakes, and it can take a positional chess player right out of the match to throw things open with a well-placed sacrifice.
If you would like we can open a thread and discuss chess more in-depth, or PM me or whatever and we can play a few games online somewhere. I love to get into mid-game tactics and openings are always fun to discuss and dissect. (I like gambit openings for the most part when playing white, with a preference for queen pawn openings, and off-center counters when on black to throw people off, like the sicilian or gruenfeld defense, although I usually don't follow classical lines for either of those).
Sorry, didn't mean to go off like that, but that is one of my favorite topics.
TL;DR version: Chess is fun!!