So then if a prophet makes a prophecy that doesn't come true, does that mean he/she is not a prophet?
Just curious, what have LDS prophets prophesied lately (and general/generic statements about the future and/or prophecies that cannot be found with some frequency elsewhere don't count)?
What are some specific prophecies made by LDS prophets since JS that have come to pass that are evidence of their prophetic calling?
To answer your first question: yes. You can find that in Deuteronomy 18:20-22.
I'm too lazy to look up recent ones, but let's look at some that the original leaders had.
Brigham Young: "the only men who become Gods, even the Sons of God, are those who enter into polygamy." Pretty solid doctrine there.
Brigham Young: "The present struggle (Civil War) will not free the descendants of Ham who are slaves." Well...slaves were freed.
Orson Pratt: "God promised in the year 1832 that we should, before the generation then living had passed away, return and build up the City of Zion in Jackson County." We all know this never happened. I guess God broke His promise?
Heber Kimball: "Plurality of wives is a law established by God forever. It would be easier for the United States to build a tower to remove the sun as to remove polygamy." Again, solid doctrine from one of the leaders.
Brigham Young: "as the Lord lives we will build up Jackson County in this generation" This was in 1845. Safe to say that generation is passes.
Joseph Smith: "I prophesy in the name of the Lord god of Israel, unless the United States redress the wrongs committed ... in a few years the government will be utterly overthrown and wasted, and there will not be so much as a potsherd left" This was in 1843. It's probably been a few years by now.
Joseph Fielding Smith: "Restrictions on blacks not getting the priesthood will not happen till the "far distant future" and "on some other world." This was said in 1958. Apparently 20 years is the far distant future, and a couple hundred years is soon.
Joseph Smith: "Verily, thus saith the Lord concerning the wars that will shortly come to pass, beginning at the rebellion of South Carolina, which will eventually terminate in the death and misery of many souls; 2 And the time will come that war will be poured out upon all nations, beginning at this place. 3 For behold, the Southern States shall be divided against the Northern States, and the Southern States will call on other nations, even the nation of Great Britain, as it is called, and they shall also call upon other nations, in order to defend themselves against other nations; and then war shall be poured out upon all nations," I think all of us know that all nations were not involved in the war. So did Joseph Smith lie, or was God just wrong?
These are just a few. There's many more. Don't let the false teachings of men take away from God and His perfect message. He loves you and wants a personal relationship with you. It's not something you can earn, or purchase, it's a choice. A choice to follow or to rebel, those are the only two options. God loves you. Seek Him as He is seeking you at this very moment.