One way to do this is a process known as “local loop unbundling.” This involves regulating ISPs to lease or open up the “last mile” of their infrastructure to
other ISPs, who’d then sell internet service plans over the wires that are already in place. The immense barriers to entry for any would-be ISP would disappear.
This would be a radical change, one that’d effectively tell Comcast and Charter and Verizon that the infrastructure they helped pay for no longer belongs to them alone. But it could result in a floodgate of competition, potentially bringing far more choice between price and speeds in all parts of the country.
Theoretically, it’d also make any need for net-neutrality (or internet-privacy) laws irrelevant — if your ISP wants to throttle YouTube and
sell your browsing history without telling you first, you can just take your business to one that doesn’t.
The market would likely erase such behavior out of existence, or at least force ISPs to deploy it in a way that isn’t terrible.
Crucially, unbundling the local loop is also a proven solution — various European countries, including the UK, and some Asian nations already take a similar approach today. A number of them get
faster and/or cheaper broadband as a result. (The US is a much larger land, of course, but the difference is still stark.)
If it wasn’t already obvious, this is all a pipe dream under the current regime. Pai’s plans are just about the exact opposite. But this change in thinking wasn’t close to occurring under the Obama administration, either. America gets cold feet whenever it thinks of even mildly socializing a part of life it considers a universal good.